Te Whakamahinga o te Pereki Kōrunuma Whakakotahi i roto i te Oumu Whakarewa Karāhe Mānu

Ngā pereki korundum kua hanumiKa whakarewaina te alumina i roto i te oumu hiko, ka maka ki roto i tētahi tauira kua tohua o tētahi āhua motuhake, ka whakamahanatia, ka tiakina ki te wera, kātahi ka tukatukahia kia puta ai te hua e hiahiatia ana. Ko te tukanga whakaputa whānui ko te whakamahi i te alumina kua whakamahanatia ki te parakore teitei (neke atu i te 95%) me te iti o ngā tāpiringa, ka makahia ngā kai ki roto i te oumu hiko, ka maka ki roto i ngā pokepoke kua oti te hanga i muri i te rewa i te pāmahana teitei neke atu i te 2300°C, kātahi ka pupuri kia mahana. I muri i te whakamahanatanga, ka tangohia, ā, ko te mea kua tangohia ka waiho hei hua oti e tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga i muri i te mahi matao tika, te huihuinga-mua me te tirotiro.

E toru ngā momo o ngā pereki kōrundum hanumi, e ai ki ngā momo āhua me ngā rahinga o te alumina: ko te tuatahi ko te α-Al2O3 te wāhanga matua o te tioata, e kiia nei ko ngā pereki α-kōrundum; ko te tuarua ko te α-Al2. He rite tonu te ihirangi o ngā wāhanga tioata O3 me β-Al2O3, e kiia nei ko ngā pereki kōrundum αβ; ko te tuatoru ko ngā wāhanga tioata β-Al2O3, e kiia nei ko ngā pereki β kōrundum. Ko ngā pereki kōrundum hanumi e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā oumu whakarewa karāhe pōturi ko te tuarua me te tuatoru o ngā momo, arā, ko ngā pereki kōrundum αβ me ngā pereki kōrundum β. Ka arotahi tēnei tuhinga ki ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana me te matū o ngā pereki kōrundum αβ me ngā pereki kōrundum β hanumi me tā rātou whakamahinga i roto i ngā oumu whakarewa karāhe pōturi.

1. Tātaritanga mahi o ngā pereki korundum kua hanumi

1. 1 Pereki kōrunuma αβ kua hanumi

Ko ngā pereki kōrunuma αβ kua hanumi, he mea hanga mai i te 50% o te α-Al2O3 me te β-Al2O3, ā, ka honoa ngā tioata e rua hei hanga i tētahi hanganga tino matotoru, he tino kaha te ātete ki te waikura kawakore. He kino ake te ātete ki te waikura i te pāmahana teitei (i runga ake i te 1350°C) i tērā o ngā pereki AZS kua hanumi, engari i ngā pāmahana i raro iho i te 1350°C, he rite tonu tōna ātete ki te waikura ki te karāhe rewa ki tērā o ngā pereki AZS kua hanumi. Nā te mea kāore he Fe2O3, TiO2 me ētahi atu poke i roto, he tino iti te wāhanga karāhe matrix, ā, he iti ake te tūponotanga o ngā mea ke pēnei i ngā mirumiru ina pa atu ki te karāhe rewa, kia kore ai e poke te karāhe matrix.

He matotoru te whakatioatatanga o ngā pereki korundum αβ kua hanumi, ā, he tino ātete ki te waikura ki te karāhe rewa i raro i te 1350°C, nō reira e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te puna kaukau me tua atu o ngā oumu rewa karāhe, i te nuinga o te wā i roto i ngā whare horoi kakahu, i ngā pereki ngutu, i ngā pereki kuaha, me ētahi atu. Ko ngā pereki korundum kua hanumi o te ao ko te mea pai rawa atu e hangaia ana e Toshiba o Hapani.

1.2 Pereki korundum β kua hanumi

Ko ngā pereki β-corundum kua hanumi he mea hanga tata ki te 100% β-Al2O3, ā, he hanganga tioata nui, he rite ki te pereti β-Al2O3. He nui ake, he iti ake te kaha. Engari i tētahi atu ringa, he pai tōna ātete ki te pakaru, inā koa he tino teitei tōna ātete ki te waikura ki te kohu kawakore kaha, nō reira ka whakamahia ki te hanganga o runga o te oumu rewa karāhe. Heoi, ina whakamahanahia ki te hau he iti te ihirangi kawakore, ka tauhohe ki te SiO2, ā, ka ngawari te pirau o te β-Al2O3 ka whakaiti i te rōrahi ka puta he pakaru, he ngatata hoki, nō reira ka whakamahia ki ngā wāhi e tawhiti atu ana i te marara o ngā rauemi mata karāhe.

1.3 Ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana me te matū o ngā pereki kōrundum αβ me β kua hanumi

Ko te hanganga matū o ngā pereki kōrunuma α-β me te β kua hanumi ko te Al 2 O 3 te nuinga, ko te rerekētanga kei te hanganga o te āhua tioata, ā, ko te rerekētanga o te hanganga moroiti ka hua ake he rerekētanga o ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana me te matū pēnei i te kiato papatipu, te tauwehenga whānui wera, me te kaha pēhi.

2. Te whakamahinga o ngā pereki kōrundum kua hanumi ki roto i ngā oumu whakarewa karāhe

Kei te pā tika te raro me te pakitara o te puna kaukau ki te wai karāhe. Mō ngā wāhanga katoa e pā tika ana ki te wai karāhe, ko te āhuatanga tino nui o te rauemi ātete waikura ko te ātete ki te waikura, arā, kāore he tauhohenga matū e puta i waenga i te rauemi ātete waikura me te wai karāhe.

I ngā tau tata nei, i te aromatawai i ngā tohu kounga o ngā rauemi ātete-whakarewa kua hanumi i te whakapā tika ki te karāhe rewa, hei tāpiri atu ki te hanganga matū, ngā tohu ā-tinana me te matū, me te hanganga kohuke, me aromatawai anō hoki i ngā tohu e toru e whai ake nei: te tohu ātete ki te horo karāhe, te tohu mirumiru kua taupatupatu me te tohu tioata kua taupatupatu.

I te mea he nui ake ngā whakaritenga mō te kounga karāhe, me te nui ake o te kaha whakaputa o te oumu, ka whānui ake te whakamahinga o ngā pereki hiko kua whakakotahihia. Ko ngā pereki whakakotahi e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā oumu whakarewa karāhe ko ngā pereki whakakotahi raupapa AZS (Al2O3-ZrO2-SiO2). Ina neke ake te pāmahana o te pereki AZS i te 1350℃, ko tōna ātete waikura he 2~5 ngā wā i te pereki αβ-Al2O3. Ko ngā pereki korundum αβ kua whakakotahihia he mea hanga mai i ngā matūriki angiangi α-alumina (53%) me te β-alumina (45%) kua whakarārangihia, he iti noa te wāhanga karāhe (tata ki te 2%) kei roto, e whakakī ana i ngā pore i waenga i ngā tioata, he tino parakore, ā, ka taea te whakamahi hei wāhanga whakamatao pereki pakitara puna kaukau me te wāhanga whakamatao pereki papa raro me ngā pereki hononga me ētahi atu.

He iti noa te wāhanga karāhe o te hanganga kohuke o ngā pereki kōrunuma αβ kua hanumi, e kore e mimiti, e poke rānei i te wai karāhe i te wā e whakamahia ana, ā, he pai te ātete ki te waikura me te ātete ki te kakahu i raro i te 1350 °C. Koinei te wāhanga whakamatao o te oumu rewa karāhe. He rauemi ātete pai mō ngā pakitara tāke, ngā raro tāke me ngā horoinga o ngā oumu rewa karāhe mānu. I roto i te kaupapa hangarau oumu rewa karāhe mānu, ka whakamahia te pereki kōrunuma αβ kua hanumi hei pereki pakitara puna kaukau o te wāhanga whakamatao o te oumu rewa karāhe. Hei tāpiri, ka whakamahia hoki ngā pereki kōrunuma αβ kua hanumi mō ngā pereki papa me ngā pereki hononga uhi i te wāhanga whakamatao.

He hua mā te pereki kōrunuma β kua hanumi, he mea hanga mai i ngā tioata matotoru β-Al2O3, kei roto ko te 92%~95% Al2O3, he iti iho i te 1% te āhua o te karāhe, ā, he ngoikore te kaha o tōna hanganga nā te wetewete o te whatunga tioata. He iti, he iti iho i te 15% te porosity kitea. Nā te mea kua mākū te Al2O3 i te konutai i runga ake i te 2000°C, he tino pumau ki te kohu kawakore i ngā pāmahana teitei, ā, he tino pai hoki tōna pumau wera. Heoi, ina pā atu ki te SiO2, ka pirau te Na2O kei roto i te β-Al2O3 ka tauhohe ki te SiO2, ā, ka ngāwari te huri i te β-Al2O3 hei α-Al2O3, ka hua ake he whakahekenga nui o te rōrahi, ka pakaru, ka pakaru. Nō reira, he pai anake mō ngā hanganga o runga e tawhiti atu ana i te puehu rere a te SiO2, pērā i te hanganga o runga o te puna mahi o te oumu rewa karāhe, te waha i muri o te rohe rewa me tōna parepare tata, te whakaōrite oumu iti me ētahi atu wāhanga.

Nā te mea kāore e tauhohe ki ngā waikura konganuku kawakore e memeha haere ana, kāore he rauemi rewa e rere mai ana i te mata o te pereki hei whakapoke i te karāhe. I roto i te oumu rewa karāhe mānu, nā te whaiti ohorere o te putanga o te awa rere o te wāhanga whakamatao, ka ngāwari te whakapūpū i te kohu kawakore ki konei, nō reira ko te awa rere ki konei he mea hanga ki ngā pereki β kua hanumi e ātete ana ki te waikura e te kohu kawakore.

3. Whakamutunga

I runga i ngā āhuatanga pai rawa atu o ngā pereki kōrunamu kua hanumihia e pā ana ki te ātete ki te horo o te karāhe, te ātete ki te pahuka, me te ātete ki te kōhatu, inā koa tōna hanganga tioata ahurei, kāore e tino poke i te karāhe rewa. He nui ngā whakamahinga o roto i te whitiki whakamārama, te wāhanga whakamatao, te oma, te oumu iti me ētahi atu wāhanga.