Ko te kakahu muka uku, hei momo kakahu ātete wera, ka taea te ātete i te pāmahana tiketike, me te penapena i te kaha wera. Ko ngā whakatakotoranga me ngā tauira o te kakahu muka uku he 1.5mm-6mm, ko te whānui he 1m. Ka wehea te kakahu muka uku ātete wera ki te whakakaha waea nichrome, te whakakaha waea maitai kore waikura, te whakakaha muka karāhe, te kakahu paninga muka uku, te kakahu tango para muka uku, te kakahu whakatā muka uku me te kakahu whakamahana muka uku. Ko te nuinga o te wā ka whakamahia te kakahu whakakaha muka uku hei tiaki ahi me te hiri hononga whānui i roto i ngā oumu me ngā oumu.
He kakahu ahumahi mahi-teitei te kakahu muka uku i hangaia mai i te miro muka uku kounga zirconia, he mea whakakaha ake mā te waea koranu pāmahana teitei. He hua pakari, he roa te mau, he mea pai mō ngā tono pāmahana teitei tae atu ki te 1430°C. Kei roto i te kakahu ISOTEK te 18% o te muka rauropi e tahuna ana i ngā pāmahana teitei, ka puta he paowa me te hau, engari he kaha tonu te kakahu hei whakamahi hei kakahu ārai pai i ngā pāmahana teitei.
Ko te whakarōpūtanga o te kakahu muka uku: 1.5mm-6mm, me te whānui o te 1m, ā, ko te kakahu muka uku ātete ka wehea ki ngā momo e whai ake nei:
| Kakahu muka uku | |
| Momo | Rārangi |
| Tae | Mā |
| Te Pāmahana Ratonga Mōrahi | 1260℃ |
| Diameter muka | 1-4μm |
| Te Whakaiti Wera (1232℃, 24h) | 3.5% |
| Te Arahi Wera (538℃,8pcf) | 0.130w/mk |
| Al2O3 | 45-48% |
| Fe2O3 | 0.7-1.2% |
| CaO me NaO | 0.43% |
| Ihirangi whakaahua | <8.5% |
| Ngaohiko Pakaru | 5 kv/mm |
| Ātete Papatipu | 5×10 10Ohm |
| Matotoru | 1.5mm-6.0mm |
| Taumaha Wāhanga | 0.5-3kg/m2 |
| Ihirangi muka rauropi | <20% |
| Te Ihirangi Makuku | <2% |
| Rauemi Whakakaha | Waea muka karāhe nikara-kōrome kore-alkali |
E whakamahia ana te kakahu muka uku i roto i ngā paraikete whakarewa, ngā hononga whānui, te whakaora ahotea, ngā ārai ahi me ngā uhi whakamahana tango. E mōhiotia ana mō ō rātou kounga teitei, ka kitea hoki ēnei hua i roto i ngā takai paipa, ngā hiri tatau oumu, ngā gasket pāmahana teitei, te tiaki taura me te tiaki raina paipa haurehu. E whakamahia ana hoki te kakahu whakamahana muka uku i ēnei wāhi e whai ake nei.
He kaihanga kakahu muka uku ngaio te wheketere ātete-waikura RS i whakatūria i te tīmatanga o ngā tau 90 o te rautau rua tekau. Neke atu i te 20 tau te wheketere ātete-waikura RS e tohunga ana ki ngā kakahu muka uku ātete-waikura. Mena he hiahia nui tōu ki ngā kakahu muka uku, he pātai rānei āu mō ngā kakahu whakamahana muka uku e pā ana ki ngā tohu ā-tinana me ngā tohu matū, tēnā whakapā mai ki a mātou mō te kore utu.